The Spirit Who Proceeds | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier.org | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier.org (2024)

John 14:26

“The Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name.”

Protestants and Roman Catholics differ on a great many issues, including the doctrine of justification and the relationship between Scripture and church tradition. These differences are significant and touch on issues essential to Christian faith and practice, so we dare not make them less important than they are. Despite these differences, however, Protestants and Roman Catholics do agree in some key areas.

For example, Protestants and Roman Catholics agree on the doctrine of the Trinity. When the Reformers broke with the papacy, they did not break with all that the Western Christian tradition had taught for millennia. They retained, for example, the Niceno­Constantinopolitan Creed, particularly the version of the creed used in the West, which differs from the version used in the Eastern Orthodox Churches. The Western version states that the Holy Spirit “proceeds from the Father and the Son.” The “and the Son” portion of the creed is also known as the filioque clause, and it identifies what distinguishes the Holy Spirit from the Father and from the Son.

As we noted in our last study, the Holy Spirit is fully God, along with the other two persons of the Trinity. The three persons are not distinguished by different divine attributes, for They share the same attributes. Instead, they are distinguished by Their relation one to another. We confess that the Father is unbegotten and that the Son is eternally begotten of the Father (John 1:1–18). We confess that the Holy Spirit eternally proceeds from the Father and the Son, though Eastern Orthodoxy says the Spirit proceeds eternally only from the Father.

The biblical evidence favors the Western position affirmed by Roman Catholics and Protestants. Today’s passage tells us that the Father sends the Holy Spirit in the name of the Son (14:26), and biblically speaking, to send in the name of a person is to send someone on behalf of that person. This would mean that the Son agrees in the sending of the Spirit, that the Spirit is His ambassador. In turn, theologians see in this text an allusion to eternal realities. The Father and the Son send the Spirit because from all eternity, the Spirit has proceeded from the Father and the Son.

John 15:26 is another key text. It tells us that the Spirit proceeds from the Father but that the Son sends Him. If the Son sends the One who proceeds, that is likewise a clue to eternal realities. The Son can send the Spirit because He proceeds from the Son just as He proceeds from the Father.

Coram Deo

Getting our language about God right is crucial for handing down the faith once delivered to the saints. While we do not know exactly what it means that the Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son, we confess this in order to preserve the biblical truth. There is much about God that we confess but that we cannot understand fully, but we strive for precision in our confession in order to help people think rightly about God.

For Further Study

The Spirit Who Proceeds | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier.org | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier.org (2024)

FAQs

What does it mean that the Holy Spirit proceeds? ›

This would mean that the Son agrees in the sending of the Spirit, that the Spirit is His ambassador. In turn, theologians see in this text an allusion to eternal realities. The Father and the Son send the Spirit because from all eternity, the Spirit has proceeded from the Father and the Son.

What Bible does RC Sproul use? ›

The Reformation Study Bible (formerly titled “New Geneva) was thoroughly revised and carefully crafted under the editorial leadership of R.C. Sproul and the contributions of 75 distinguished theologians and pastors from around the world.

Where in the Bible does it say the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the son? ›

In John 14:26 the Spirit is said to proceed from the Father, but a chapter later, in 15:26, Jesus states that he will send the Spirit from the Father. The same relation is reflected in Acts 2:33, where Peter states that Jesus has received the Spirit from the Father and sends him.

What are the 7 characteristics of the Holy Spirit in the Bible verse? ›

The seven gifts of the Holy Spirit are an enumeration of seven spiritual gifts first found in the book of Isaiah, and much commented upon by patristic authors. They are: wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety, and fear of the Lord.

What happens when the Holy Spirit comes upon you? ›

Acts 1:8 says, “But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you. And you will be my witnesses, telling people about me everywhere—in Jerusalem, throughout Judea, in Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.” This power that comes from the Holy Spirit allows you to stand strong for the things of God.

What is the difference between begotten and proceeds? ›

As the word “begotten” or the phrase “eternal generation” is used to describe the inner relationship between the Father and the Son, the word “procession” has been used to describe the inner relationship of the Holy Spirit to the Father and the Son.

Is RC Sproul a Calvinist? ›

Sproul was an advocate of Calvinism in his many print, audio, and video publications, and advocated the Thomistic (classical) approaches to Christian apologetics, less common among Reformed apologists, most of whom prefer presuppositionalism.

What denomination is RC Sproul Jr? ›

Church allegiances

Sproul was first ordained in the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP). After a failed attempt to transfer to the Presbyterian Church in America, he was ordained in the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly (RPCGA) in 2000.

What is the religion of the ligonier ministries? ›

Christianity & Culture

Ligonier supports the work of Christian organizations and institutions that confess the final authority of Scripture and lordship of Jesus Christ, and are committed to the implementation of the social and cultural implications of God's commandments for the well-being of man and his environment.

Where does a Christian's soul go after death? ›

The most common view has been that, at death, the soul immediately goes to be with God and there is a continuity of personal existence. There is no interruption of life at the end of this life, but we continue to be alive in our personal souls upon death.

Who does the Holy Spirit submit to? ›

For example, Jesus submits to the Spirit during his incarnation, but after his ascension the Holy Spirit appears to submit to him.

Do Protestants believe the Holy Spirit proceeds from Father and son? ›

The Holy Spirit is believed to eternally proceed from the Father, as Christ says in John 15:26, and not from the Father and the Son, as the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches claim. The Greek Orthodox Church teaches that the Holy Spirit proceeds through the Son, but only from the Father.

How do you know if the Holy Spirit is talking to you? ›

During our times of communion with the Lord, we will rarely hear an audible voice when the Holy Spirit “speaks” to us. What we will sense is a strong leading to do something. Or we might feel strongly about going in a certain direction. The Holy Spirit wants to show us God's plans and purposes for our lives.

What is the most powerful prayer to the Holy Spirit? ›

O Holy Spirit, beloved of my soul, I adore You. Enlighten me, guide me, strengthen me, console me. Tell me what I should do; give me Your orders. I promise to submit myself to all that You desire of me and to accept all that You permit to happen to me.

How do you know you are being led by the Spirit? ›

We know that we are being led by the Spirit when we listen to the Spirit and do what he says. He speaks to us in his words that he inspired that are recorded in Scripture. The Spirit never leads anyone to say or do anything that is contrary to his revealed word.

What does proceeds mean in the Bible? ›

“Proceeds from” can mean two things. One would mean “Comes to us through an action by a certain party.” As in “I (Jesus) will ask the Father, and He will send to you another comforter” from John 14. Using this meaning of proceeds from (the giver of the gift), it seems clear that the Father alone is the giver. “

Why do orthodox believe that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father? ›

He comes forth from God, as does the Son, in a timeless, eternal procession. “He proceeds from the Father,” in eternity in a divinely instantaneous and perpetual movement (Jn 15.26). Orthodox doctrine confesses that God the Father is the eternal origin and source of the Spirit, just as He is the source of the Son.

What does proceeds mean in the Nicene Creed? ›

“Proceeds from the Father and the Son" means "proceeds from the Father through the Son." "Who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified " The Holy Spirit is God as are the Father and the Son, and is due the same worship as the Father and the Son.

What is it called when you receive the Holy Spirit? ›

The baptism of the Holy Spirit occurs when the Spirit of God comes upon a believer. The Holy Spirit fills the believer's mind with a genuine understanding of truth, takes possession of the believer's abilities, and imparts gifts that qualify the believer for service in the body of Christ.

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