The Oxford Companion to Beer Definition of märzenbier (2024)

Märzenbier is German for “March beer,” a golden to deep amber lager style with a full body and a moderate bitterness, which is related to both the oktoberfestbier and the Vienna lager. The historical origins of märzenbier lie in a decree issued in 1553 by the Bavarian ruler Duke Albrecht V, in which he forbade all brewing between April 23 and September 29. The decree was to prevent brewing during the warm season, when, unbeknown to microbially ignorant medievals, ambient bacteria would often infect the Bavarians’ beers and quickly spoil them. See bavaria and infection. Brewers, therefore, worked overtime in March to make enough beer to last until fall. These March beers were usually brewed slightly stronger than regular beers and they were stored cool, that is, they were lagered, so they would keep better. See lager and lagering.

As a beer style, however, märzenbier became fixed only in 1841, when the Spaten Brewery of Munich introduced, at that year’s Oktoberfest, the first lager officially labeled märzenbier. See oktoberfest. That same year, the Dreher Brewery of Schwechat, near Vienna, also came out with a märzen-like beer, which it called Vienna lager. See vienna lager. In the ensuing decades, both the märzenbier and the Vienna lager became standard brews in the portfolios of many breweries; and by 1872, the Spaten Brewery first used the name Oktoberfestbier for a märzen-style beer, which it had brewed specifically for that year’s Oktoberfest. Today’s Spaten oktoberfestbier is still based largely on that 1872 recipe. In the 19th century, of course, these three related beer styles were all made by a double-decoction method, a very labor- and energy-intensive brewhouse procedure that many breweries no longer employ because of the modern availability of highly modified malt. See decoction.

Technically as well as historically, there is a great deal of overlap in the specifications of märzenbier, Vienna lager, and oktoberfestbier; and brewers around the world do not apply these designations consistently on their labels. However, the following general guidelines do apply in most cases. Much of the base malt in a märzenbier and oktoberfestbier, then and now, is so-called Munich malt, a highly aromatic malt with a color rating of roughly 10 to 25 European Brewery Convention (EBC; roughly 3 to 10 degrees Lovibond), whereas much of the base malt in the Austrian brew is Vienna malt with a lighter color rating of roughly 6 to 10 EBC (approximately 3 to 4 degrees Lovibond). See munich malt. As a result, the märzen and oktoberfest beers tend to be primarily golden amber in color, whereas Vienna lagers tend to have a more reddish tinge. Also, märzen/oktoberfest brews used to be much darker, nearly brown, in the olden days, but there has been a general trend in recent decades toward lightening them, an apparent concession to modern tastes. To North American beer enthusiasts this is often a surprise, because, ironically, North American craft brewers almost always brew märzen/oktoberfest beers to the old style, preferring a fuller color than that of the contemporary German versions. In terms of bitterness, the Vienna brew tends to be just a touch hoppier and drier than the märzen/oktoberfest, with the latter often showing sweet, almost toffee-like maltiness combined with biscuit and bread flavors, as well as plenty of mouthfeel.

In Germany, incidentally, the name Oktoberfestbier is now legally reserved only for the six breweries—Augustiner, Hacker-Pschorr, Hofbräuhaus, Löwenbräu, Paulaner, and Spaten—who may serve their beers at the Munich Oktoberfest. All other breweries may use just the märzen designation for their Oktoberfest-style beers. In other countries, of course, especially in North America, where German law does not reach, märzen/oktoberfest is treated like any other beer style and has seen a great surge of interest, especially in the emerging craft brew sector, although some craft brewers occasionally stray and brew the beer as an ale rather than a lager.

The Oxford Companion to Beer Definition of märzenbier (2024)

FAQs

The Oxford Companion to Beer Definition of märzenbier? ›

märzenbier. s German for “March beer,” a golden to deep amber lager style with a full body and a moderate bitterness, which is related to both the oktoberfestbier and the Vienna lager.

What is a Märzen beer? ›

Märzen (German: [ˈmɛʁt͡sn̩]) or Märzenbier (German: March beer) is a lager that originated in Bavaria, Germany. It has a medium to full body and may vary in colour from pale through amber to dark brown.

What does Märzen mean in German? ›

Originating in Germany, this style was traditionally brewed in the spring (“Marzen” meaning “March”) and aged, or lagered, throughout the summer. A stronger version was served at early Oktoberfest celebrations and became known as Oktoberfest.

What makes a good Märzen? ›

A Märzen is darker in color and lower in ABV—5% to 5.5% ABV,” he says. Once you figure that out, he says malt selection is the top consideration. “Get highly kilned malt, sweet with lower attenuation,” Hendler says. “Seventy percent attenuation is what you would get with the Märzen.

What does "ur marzen" mean? ›

Ur-Marzen, meaning “original of March”, are beers that were brewed in March, and made stronger to remain preserved over the summer months, prior to the help of modern refridgeration. A son of the owner of the Spaten Brewery learned of this brewing style while serving as an apprentice in Vienna around 1870.

What is the difference between a lager and a Märzen? ›

Märzen is “fest” strength, meaning it falls slightly higher in ABV than normal lagers of pilsner and helles with an ABV of 6% vs the normal 4.5-5%.

What does a Marzenbier taste like? ›

An elegant, malty German amber lager with a clean, rich, toasty and bready malt flavor, restrained bitterness, and a dry finish that encourages another drink. The overall malt impression is soft, elegant, and complex, with a rich aftertaste that is never cloying or heavy.

What is the difference between Märzen and Hefeweizen? ›

Märzen – Malty, amber in color, and extremely drinkable. No wonder this beer is a favorite during Oktoberfest! Hefeweizen (weissbier) – A wheat beer with a light body, hint of bananas, and slightly sweet finish.

Are festbier and Märzen the same? ›

Classic Märzen should be a little darker, a little richer, a little heavier, and a little higher in alcohol than Festbier. Basically, Märzen is just a little “more.” The switch to the lighter Festbier occurred specifically to allow Oktoberfest attendees to drink more beer.

What is the difference between Dunkel and Märzen? ›

Dunkels might just as easily be confused with Vienna-style lagers, or with Märzen, a German beer often consumed at Oktoberfests. These, too, are dark lagers but generally more reddish than dunkels, with the aroma of hops a little more apparent.

What do Germans yell at Oktoberfest? ›

O'zapft is, in particular, is the most iconic of Oktoberfest sayings. This is the cry you will here once the Mayor of Munich has tapped the ceremonial keg, thus kicking off the entire two-week-long event.

Why is Oktoberfest called the Wiesen? ›

Children dressed in Bavarian folk costumes paid homage to the royal family with poems, flowers and fruits of the land. The festival meadow was christened "Theresens-Wiese" in honor of the bride. This is still the name of the Oktoberfest site today: "Theresienwiese" - or "the Wiesn" for short in Munich parlance.

When should you drink Märzen? ›

The beer was often kept in the cellar until late summer and then served at the Oktoberfest. Because it the association with Oktoberfest, Marzen is considered a seasonal Fall beer.

What makes a beer an Oktoberfest? ›

CraftBeering.com gives the most concise answer. “o*ktoberfest beer (Oktoberfestbier) is formally defined as a beer brewed by one of the six big Munich breweries allowed to serve their product on the grounds of the Oktoberfest.” Any other brewery must call their seasonal amber lagers an Oktoberfest style.

Which of the following is typical for a Märzen beer? ›

The Marzen are characterized by a dry profile, nothing cloying or sweet. Its carbonation is medium-moderate and its body must also have a medium consistency. Its texture on the palate is quite smooth and creamy, which makes the mouthfeel more complete.

What is the difference between Märzen and Hefeweizen beer? ›

Märzen – Malty, amber in color, and extremely drinkable. No wonder this beer is a favorite during Oktoberfest! Hefeweizen (weissbier) – A wheat beer with a light body, hint of bananas, and slightly sweet finish.

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