No, Biden executive order won’t replace paper money with digital currency (2024)

Some people on social media have claimed that an executive order signed in March 2022 would make paper money “worthless.” That’s false.

Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin have exploded in popularity in recent years, leading President Joe Biden to sign an executive order in March 2022 that outlines the government’s plan to address the “risks and harnessing the potential benefits of digital assets.”

The executive order also explores the possibility of creating a centralized bank digital currency (CBDC) in the U.S. That’s led some people on social media to claim months later that the executive order would phase out cash and make paper money “worthless.”

VERIFY reader Jerry also emailed the team to ask, “Is President Biden doing away with paper money for digital currency?”

THE QUESTION

Will Biden’s executive order replace paper money with digital currency?

THE SOURCES

THE ANSWER

No, Biden executive order won’t replace paper money with digital currency (1)

No, Biden’s executive order won’t replace paper money with digital currency.

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WHAT WE FOUND

Under Executive Order 14067, the Federal Reserve is tasked with looking into how a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) might be created, and evaluating necessary steps and requirements for implementing one.

The executive order also empowers the U.S. Department of Justice to determine whether the Federal Reserve has the authority to issue a CBDC, according to Aaron Klein, an expert in financial technology and regulation at the Brookings Institution.

The Atlantic Council, a nonpartisan U.S. think tank, defines a CBDC as digital money “backed and issued by a central bank.” In the United States, that central bank would be the Federal Reserve.

The only form of central bank money that Americans can access today is cash, the Federal Reserve notes on its website. Aaron Klein, an expert in financial technology and regulation at the Brookings Institution, explained that the digital money Americans currently use every day with their credit and debit cards comes from commercial banks.

Cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin, are also considered digital currencies but they aren’t issued by a central bank like a CBDC.

If the Fed creates a CBDC, it would differ from existing digital money because it would be issued and backed by the Federal Reserve instead of a commercial bank.

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The federal government hasn't made any decisions yet about issuing U.S. CBDC as a result of the executive order, but creating one wouldn’t mean that the government is getting rid of cash.

“There is nothing in the executive order that ends or eliminates cash. Period,” Klein told VERIFY.

The Federal Reserve also says on its website that it is “considering a CBDC as a means to expand safe payment options, not to reduce or replace them.”

Around 100 countries apart from the U.S. are already exploring CBDCs through research and testing, including some that have already started distributing the virtual money such as Jamaica and Nigeria, according to the Atlantic Council. But it’s unclear exactly how a U.S. CBDC would work if it’s designed and developed by the Federal Reserve.

“We don’t know the answer,” Klein said. “One of the questions out there is, will that mean people get direct accounts at the Federal Reserve, like you have an account at your bank to use a debit card?”

In January 2022, the Federal Reserve released a discussion paper examining the pros and cons of a potential CBDC.

In a press release, the Fed said a CBDC could provide faster payment options between countries and safe digital payment options for households and businesses. However, there could be downsides, including how a CBDC “would preserve monetary and financial stability as well as complement existing means of payment.”

Some consumers may also worry about privacy if the Fed develops a CBDC, which Klein says is a valid concern since “digital transactions can be less anonymous than cash.” But Klein pointed out that these same potential privacy issues already exist when Americans use their debit or credit cards every day.

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No, Biden executive order won’t replace paper money with digital currency (2024)

FAQs

No, Biden executive order won’t replace paper money with digital currency? ›

“There is nothing in the executive order that ends or eliminates cash. Period,” Klein told VERIFY. The Federal Reserve also says on its website that it is “considering a CBDC as a means to expand safe payment options, not to reduce or replace them.”

Is the United States going to digital currency? ›

Central bank digital currencies by phase

So far, the US is still in an exploratory phase with the Biden administration announcing an executive order in 2022 that led to further research into digital currencies.

Will paper money be phased out? ›

As people move toward more electronic or digital forms of payment, it might seem like paper money is on its way toward obsolescence. But experts say that cash will always be around.

What happens if the US goes to digital dollar? ›

Here in the U.S., if the Fed issued a digital dollar, that digital dollar would be substantially identical to the cash dollar and could be exchanged as such. The exchange rate would be constant, as they would be the same thing created by the same governmental mechanism.

Is Bank of America moving to digital currency? ›

Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are coming, but a digital dollar is unlikely in the near term, Bank of America (BAC) said in a report on Monday.

Will digital currency replace cash? ›

Will a U.S. CBDC replace cash or paper currency? The Federal Reserve is committed to ensuring the continued safety and availability of cash and is considering a CBDC as a means to expand safe payment options, not to reduce or replace them.

How close are we to a cashless society? ›

The US is moving toward cashless payments, with a substantial increase in the use of mobile wallet apps and contactless cards. A report from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco found that payments made using cash accounted for just 18% of all US payments in 2022.

Will cash ever go away? ›

All that being said, cash may certainly continue to fall in usage, but there's good reason to think it won't go away entirely. For one, an article by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston pointed out that "conditions were ripe" for a "fatal cash crash" during the pandemic, but that did not occur.

What should you own if the dollar collapses? ›

What to Own When the Dollar Collapses. Historically, tangible assets like gold and real estate have been sought after as they tend to retain intrinsic value. Investing in commodities such as precious metals, oil, and agricultural products is also considered a smart choice.

Is the American dollar going away? ›

The collapse of the dollar remains highly unlikely. Of the preconditions necessary to force a collapse, only the prospect of higher inflation appears reasonable. Foreign exporters such as China and Japan do not want a dollar collapse because the U.S. is too important a customer.

Are credit unions going to digital currency? ›

In 2021, federal regulators gave CUs the green light to partner with cryptocurrency providers, paving the way for their entry into this dynamic market.

Will FedNow be mandatory? ›

Is FedNow mandatory for my financial institution? No–financial institutions in the U.S. are not required to use the FedNow Service offered by the Federal Reserve. Financial institutions looking to give their consumers real-time payment services have the option to choose the FedNow Service.

Who controls digital currency? ›

Key Takeaways. A central bank digital currency (CBDC) is the digital form of a country's fiat currency. A nation's monetary authority, or central bank, issues a CBDC, which promotes financial inclusion and simplifies the implementation of monetary and fiscal policies.

What will replace US currency? ›

But that begs a critical question: What would replace the dollar? Some say it will be the euro; others, perhaps the Japanese yen or China's renminbi. And some call for a new world reserve currency, possibly based on the IMF's Special Drawing Right or SDR, a reserve asset.

Which country is going to digital currency? ›

19 of the Group of 20 (G20) countries are now in the advanced stages of CBDC development. Of those, eleven countries are already in the pilot stage. This includes Brazil, Japan, India, Australia, South Korea, South Africa, Russia, and Turkey. 3 countries have fully launched a CBDC—the Bahamas, Jamaica and Nigeria.

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