Quite simply, a bank code is the numerical code assigned to a specific bank in order to identify it during financial transactions such as bank transfers.
The codes are national, and are generally assigned by a country’s central bank, or banking body.
What do bank codes look like in the UK?
UK banks use a 6 digit sort-code to identify the different institutions - for example the code for TSB in Bradford is 77-71-13 and Taunton’s branch of HSBC is 40-44-04. The first two digits identify the bank (TSB is 77, HSBC is 40), and the rest of the number identifies the branch. They were introduced in the 1960s as the banking industry started automating more of its processes. You can usually find your sort-code on the back of your debit card or on your bank statement.
What are IBAN codes?
IBAN stands for International Bank Account Number and is the number that identifies any bank account in the EU, as well as Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is used to make sure international payments are sent straight to the correct bank account. Before IBAN, the different account number formats and bank information codes made international transfers slow and awkward. An IBAN number is constructed as follows:
- A two letter code representing the country
- A two number “control code” which allows errors to be identified when long numbers are input manually
- Up to 30 letters and numbers that identify the specific bank and bank account
For example, an account at Bradford’s TSB branch with the number 46578936 would look, in IBAN form, like this: GB38LOYD77711346578936
What are BIC codes?
Until recently, BIC stood for Bank Identifier Code, but that has now changed to Business Identifier Code. BIC codes are managed by SWIFT - for more information on that, take a look at our article about the SWIFT network.
BIC codes are used to identify specific businesses - most commonly banks. In the UK, the first four characters of a BIC code form part of the IBAN as well. To see how a BIC code is made up, take a look at our BIC code toolkit.
BIC codes are also known as SWIFT (or SWIFTBIC) codes, which can be confusing, but SWIFT payment codes are the same thing as a BIC.
What is a clearing code?
A National Clearing Code (NCC) is needed for making a payment to an account that doesn’t have an IBAN. They are also known as Routing Codes. If you have a SWIFT/BIC or IBAN code then you don’t need an NCC. These days they are mostly used for payments outside the EU.
For more information on non-EU banking codes, check out our article about IFSC, BSB, NUBAN and Hong Kong Clearing Codes.
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